Answer / raystargazer

Split Horizon: Never advertise a route out of the interface
from which you learned it.

Route Poisoning: Once you learn of a bad route through an
interface, advertise it as "unreachable" (i.e. RIP hop count
16) back through that same interface. Poisoning requires the
notified router to reply with the same "poisoned"
notification on the route it came in on to avoid error
looping. This essentially breaks the Split Horizon rules for
the bad route until the problem is resolved.

Answer / siba (dip)

In computer networks, distance-vector routing protocols
employ the split horizon route advertisement rule which
prohibits a router from advertising a route back out the
interface from which it was learned. Split horizon is one
of the methods used to prevent routing loops due to the
slow convergence times of distance-vector routing protocols.

Routing poision used by various distance vector routing
protocols in order to overcome large routing loops and
offer explict information about when a subnet or network is
not accessible.

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