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Topic :: Pressure
CHEMICAL ENERGY BALANCE - EXAMPLE 11.4 : Calculate the bubble temperature T at P = 85-kPa for a binary liquid with x(1) = 0.4. The liquid solution is ideal. The saturation pressures are Psat(1) = exp [ 14.3 - 2945 / (T + 224) ], Psat(2) = exp [ 14.2 - 2943 / (T + 209) ] where T is in degree Celsius. Please take note that x(1) + x(2) = 1. Please take note that y(1) + y(2) = 1, y(1) = [ x(1) * Psat(1) ] / P, y(2) = [ x(2) * Psat(2) ] / P, * is multiplication. P is in kPa.
1 2183CHEMICAL ENERGY BALANCE - EXAMPLE 11.5 : According to Margules Equation, P = x(1) p(1) g(1) + x(2) p(2) g(2) for a two-component mixture where P is bubble pressure, x is mole fraction, p is saturation pressure, g is constant given by ln g(1) = x(2) A x(2). Find the value of A as a constant when P = 1.08 bar, p(1) = 0.82 bar, p(2) = 1.93 bar in a 50 : 50 mole fraction mixture. Estimate the pressure required to completely liquefy the 30 : 70 mixture using the same equation, by proving P = 1.39 bar. Take note that ln g(2) = x(1) A x(1), ln g(1) = x(2) A x(2).
1 2258BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 14.2 : An aqueous solution with 2.5 g of a protein dissolved in 600 cubic centimeters of a solution at 20 degree Celsius was placed in a container that has a water-permeable membrane. Water permeated through the membrane until the h - level of the solution was 0.9 cm above the pure water. (a) Calculate the absolute temperature of the solution, T in Kelvin, where T (Kelvin) = T (degree Celsius) + 273.15. (b) Calculate the osmotic pressure, P of the solution by using the formula P = hrg where h is level of the solution, r is density of water with 1000 kg per cubic meter, g = 9.81 N / kg as gravitational acceleration. (c) Calculate the concentration of the protein solution, C in kg / cubic meter. (d) Calculate the molecular weight of the protein, (MW) = CRT / P where R = 8.314 Pa cubic meter / (mol K) as ideal gas constant.
1 2520PROCESS DESIGN - EXAMPLE 21.1 : According to rules of thumb in chemical process design, consider the use of an expander for reducing the pressure of a gas when more than 20 horsepowers can be recovered. The theoretical adiabatic horsepower (THp) for expanding a gas could be estimated from the equation : THp = Q [ Ti / (8130a) ] [ 1 - (Po / Pi) ^ a ] where 3 ^ 3 is 3 power 3 or 27, Q is volumetric flowrate in standard cubic feet per minute, Ti is inlet temperature in degree Rankine, a = (k - 1) / k where k = Cp / Cv, Po and Pi are reference and systemic pressures respectively. (a) Assume Cp / Cv = 1.4, Po = 14.7 psia, (temperature in degree Rankine) = [ (temperature in degree Celsius) + 273.15 ] (9 / 5), nitrogen gas at Pi = 90 psia and 25 degree Celsius flowing at Q = 230 standard cubic feet per minute is to be vented to the atmosphere. According to rules of thumb, should an expander or a valve be used? (b) Find the outlet temperature To by using the equation To = Ti (Po / Pi) ^ a.
1 2192PROCESS DESIGN - EXAMPLE 21.3 : According to a heuristic of chemical engineering plant design, assume a pressure difference dP = 4 psi for each 10-ft rise in elevation. A pump is needed to pump liquid from a storage tank at a lower elevation to a heating tank at a higher elevation with the elevation difference of 60 ft. (a) Find the pressure loss due to such elevation. (b) If the required minimum inlet pressure to the heating tank is 9 psi, with 1 control valve is installed between pump and heating tank, what is the dP minimum required for the control valve and the entrance to the heating tank when the heuristic mentions that at least 10 psi is required for the control valve? (c) The pressure at the inlet of the pump is 8 psi and the flowrate of the liquid produces pressure head of 50 psi. What is the total pressure produced by the pump? (d) Assume a pipeline dP of 2 psi / 100 ft for liquid flow in a pipe according to heuristic, what is the approximate maximum length of the pipe in ft that can be installed between the pump and the heating tank?
1 2513PETROLEUM ENGINEERING - QUESTION 25.1 : Fact 1 : Dry air contains 20.95 % oxygen, 78.09 % nitrogen, 0.93 % argon, 0.039 % carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases by volume. Fact 2 : Volume occupied is directly proportional to the number of moles for ideal gases at constant temperature and pressure. Fact 3 : 12.5 moles of pure oxygen is required to completely burn 1 mole of pure octane. Fact 4 : Air-fuel ratio (AFR) is the mass ratio of dry air to fuel present in a combustion process such as in an internal combustion engine or industrial furnace. Fact 5 : Molecular weight of oxygen gas is 31.998 g / mole and molecular weight of nitrogen gas is 28.014 g / mole. (a) Find the molar ratio of nitrogen and oxygen, or (moles of nitrogen) / (moles of oxygen) in dry air, by assuming ideal features of nitrogen and oxygen gases. (b) How many moles of nitrogen are available if dry air is used to completely burn the 1 mole pure octane? (c) Find the mass of fuel of 1 mole of octane with molecular weight of 114.232 g / mole. (d) Find the mass of dry air with 12.5 moles of pure oxygen by assuming only oxygen and nitrogen gases exist in the air. (e) Find the air-fuel ratio (AFR) when octane is used as fuel. (f) Find the fuel-air ratio (FAR) when octane is used as fuel.
1 2207NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING - QUESTION 26.2 : (a) The Hyperion sewage plant in Los Angeles burns 8 million cubic feet of natural gas per day to generate power in United States of America. If 1 metre = 3.28084 feet, then how many cubic metres of such gas is burnt per hour? (b) A reservoir of natural gas produces 50 mole % methane and 50 mole % ethane. At zero degree Celsius and one atmosphere, the density of methane gas is 0.716 g / L and the density of ethane gas is 1.3562 mg / (cubic cm). The molar mass of methane is 16.04 g / mol and molar mass of ethane is 30.07 g / mol. (i) Find the mass % of methane and ethane in the natural gas. (ii) Find the average density of the natural gas mixture in the reservoir at zero degree Celsius and one atmosphere, by assuming that the gases are ideal where final volume of the gas mixture is the sum of volume of the individual gases at constant temperature and pressure. (iii) Find the average density of the natural gas mixture in the reservoir at zero degree Celsius and one atmosphere, by assuming that the final mass of the gas mixture is the sum of mass of the individual gases. Assume the gases are ideal where mole % = volume % at constant pressure and temperature.
1 2046What is the best thing to protect the motor from running over full current. CT or O/L or pressure transducer at the given pressure rating
1480We Have Two Field bus Pressure Transmitters of Different Sensor Range (I.E One is of Lower range and Another is of Higher Range).Is same Process Line. My Question is Can i provide Saturation Limit to my field Bus Transmitter as We can provide Saturation current limit to HART Instruments. As During Low Pressure Both Working OK ,But During High Pressure, transmitter with Lower sensor range Goes to Fault mode as Beyond its Sensor Limit it can Measure, So may I provide Saturation point Some where to Suppress This Fault during High Pressure.
OPaL,
1614Why Water motor is not taking a load or pressure while everything is correct. (Note: Motor running properly)
1355How we install and terminate the wire of pressure transmitter and temprature transmitter. Give full explanation.
1436how to convert Nm3/hr to Kg/hr for air, @ 10.4 kg/cm2.g dischare pressure, does density doesn't affect on calculation?
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Calculate how much oxygen is dissolved in 100 milliliters of blood if the blood is exposed to a partial pressure of oxygen of 120 torr?
please provide me the calculation for the thickness of duplex stainless steel pipeline thickness used in process industry ( Water). The details are given below. Diameter : 3" and 4" Thickness : 3.91mm, SCH40 Operating pressure : 62 bar Operating Temp : 35 degree ASME31.3
How to calculate flow of water delivered by pump when pressure & size of pipe line is given
If Nasa where to sink a large tube down a few miles into one of the deepest parts of the ocean or a spiral tube not so deep. Then fit electromagnetic monorail running gear to a sledge and then put a space cargo vehicle inside the sledge. With ball valves to compartmentalise the tube off to keep a constant pressure with inert gases as the space shuttle accelerates using electromagnetism to gain altitude and then loses the sledge. Next fires it's main rocket engines to carry on up to space. Would this idea work and would it save money on fuel if the space cargo vehicles where only say 5 ton cargo holds. Also they could be reusable with their rocket engines.
please post answers as fast as you can i am in a urgent need for an i nterview in a fashion company. 1. Briefly describe your ideal job? 2. Why did you choose this career? 3. What goals do you have in your career? 4. How do you plan to achieve these goals? 5. Can you work well under deadlines or pressure? 6. Tell us about a time when you failed to meet a deadline.What were the repercussions? 7. Do you have reference list? 8. Why do you want to work here? 9. Why should we hire you over the others waiting to be interviewed? 11. How soon can you travel down to start your new Job?
what is the procedure to callibrate temp controller ,pressure controller,etc. suppose a temp controller showing error 1.5 degree centigrate how can i minimize it.
1)what to do in emergency situation of having total blackout (on a ship) 2)what to do in emergency situation of flooding in the engine room 3)under what conditions would engine room bilges be pumped overboard? 4)why is high pressure required for the injection of fuel into the cylinder of diesel engine. 5)why is doubled walled pipes employed for high pressure fuel lines? 6)reasons for overheating of main engine 7)how to detect choked fuel valve,leaky piston rings and their remedies during operation in diesel engine? 8)effects of insufficient or excessive cylinder lubrication? 9)causes of a diesel engine piston overheating.
Giraffe in Arabic means "the highest of all." The height of a giraffe is an average of 5 m, its mass is about 800 kg and hooves is an area of approximately 625 cm2. Using a straw from a material nedeformabil a giraffe trying to drink water from a lake, not to condescend. What is the ratio of the minimum pressure to be applied giraffe, mouth, at the end paiului to drink water and pressure of giraffe on the ground. The density of water. g = 10 m/s2
What is the pressure in co2 cartridge in a DCP 5 kg extinguisher.
What is critical pressure ?. What will happen if water is heated above critical pressure and temperature?. What importance it is having related to Boiler?. Upto what presrure natural circulation is possible in Boilers?.
MY generator water cooler inlet line height - 11 mtr inlet water line height - 7 mtr water come into the line from overhead tank, O/H tank height - 20 mtr the first tapping in the inlet line is 2" line which down to 4 mtr level plateform., second tapping in inlet water line goes to a pump 6" line installed at 4 mtr level plateform, pump capacity 200m3/hr, head- 30 mtr, hp-40. the outlet of pump of 6" water line connected to a header of 6 mtr long of 6" line, on this header the six tapping are connected, 4 nos. 3" line goes to 11 mtr height water cooler the pressure of the line is 0.15 to 0.25 kg/cm2, 2" and 4" pipe line connected to a cooler at 4 mtrlevel plateform. my question is, at 11 mtr height level the quantity of water and flow is not sufficient for my cooler, the temp. of cooler is rises much more. you are requested to suggest the modification of pipe line/ pump for take more water flow and pressure (desired pressure is 1 kg/cm2)
If you have a valve with an applied pressure, how do you determine the stress to the closed and open valve?
If you have a fuel valve with a pressure applied, what is the stress to the open and closed valve?
CAN WORK WELL UNDER DEAD LINES OR PRESSURE?
In a Furnace arch pressure is more than Hearth pressure,then how flue gas travels to stack
