QUANTUM BIOLOGY - EXAMPLE 33.5 : (a) In the measurement of the number of photons received by a plant during photosynthesis, quantum meter is used. At 8 AM, 11 AM, 12 PM, 2 PM and 4 PM of the same day, the measured readings of the meter are 10, 70, 60, 120 and 120 units. Find the mode, median and min of the readings of the quantum meter. (b) Microtubule is used to carry information in a cell. If the cross-sectional area of the microtubule has a diameter of 25 nanometers, find the volume of the microtubule of 1 nanometer in height. State the assumption of calculation.
QUANTUM BIOLOGY - ANSWER 33.5 : (a) Mode = 120 (2 readings, greater than others with 1 reading). Median = 70 (since 70 is the middle, when the values are rearranged orderly as 10, 60, 70, 120, 120). Min = (sum of readings) / (number of readings) = (10 + 70 + 60 + 120 + 120) / 5 = 380 / 5 = 76. (b) Assumption : Microtubule is a cylinder. Let V = 3.142 x h x d x d / 4 where V = volume, d = diameter, h = height. Then V = 3.142 x h x d x d / 4 = 3.142 x n x 25 n x 25 n / 4 = 490.9375 n x n x n = 4.909375 x 10^2 x 10^(-9) x 10^(-9) x 10^(-9) = 4.909375 x 10^(-25) meters, where ^ is the symbol of power, n is nano or 10^(-9). The answer is given by Kang Chuen Tat; PO Box 6263, Dandenong, Victoria VIC 3175, Australia; SMS +61405421706; chuentat@hotmail.com; http://kangchuentat.wordpress.com.
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MASS TRANSFER - EXAMPLE 4.2 : In a non-dilute absorber, graphical method is used to represent the process. In an X - Y coordinate system, X-axis represents mole of carbon dioxide / mole of water and Y axis represents mole of carbon dioxide / mole of nitrogen. The inlet gas stream consists of 8 mol % of carbon dioxide in nitrogen. (a) Find the S / G minimum as a slope that goes through the point (0, 0.0304) and (0.0000488, 0.086957). (b) Find the actual slope of operating line when it is 1.5 times the S / G minimum! (c) Find the value of x for inlet gas stream when y = 1640 x, y is mole fraction of carbon dioxide in nitrogen.
Question 49 - According to rules of thumb in chemical process design, consider the use of an expander for reducing the pressure of a gas when more than 20 horsepowers can be recovered. The theoretical adiabatic horsepower (THp) for expanding a gas could be estimated from the equation : THp = Q [ Ti / (8130a) ] [ 1 - (Po / Pi) ^ a ] where 3 ^ 3 is 3 power 3 or 27, Q is volumetric flowrate in standard cubic feet per minute, Ti is inlet temperature in degree Rankine, a = (k - 1) / k where k = Cp / Cv, Po and Pi are reference and systemic pressures respectively. (a) Assume Cp / Cv = 1.4, Po = 14.7 psia, (temperature in degree Rankine) = [ (temperature in degree Celsius) + 273.15 ] (9 / 5), nitrogen gas at Pi = 90 psia and 25 degree Celsius flowing at Q = 230 standard cubic feet per minute is to be vented to the atmosphere. According to rules of thumb, should an expander or a valve be used? (b) Find the outlet temperature To by using the equation To = Ti (Po / Pi) ^ a.
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ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY - EXAMPLE 16.2 : In a selection of suitable heating equipment for drying of crystals of biochemical, the one of the lowest current consumption will be chosen for safety consideration. Selection is available : (A) 120 V microwave oven 1800 W. (B) 240 V conventional oven 11000 W. Which one should be chosen and why?
Input the Roll Number, Name and marks of a small section of 5 students. Display the marks database of these students in the following format. The "Roll Number" and "Name" fields are left justified with 15 columns, and 25 columns, respectively. The "Marks" field is right justified with 5 columns. Assume the marks are in multiples of 0.5 and are from 0 to 100. Display some spaces between each field appropriately. Roll Number 11001 11050 11081 11225 Y2367 Name FIRST NAME LAST NAME FIRSTNAME2 LASTNAME2 I1. I2. FIRSTNAME3 FIRSTNAME4 M1. LASTNAME4 FIRSTNAME5 MID LASTNAME5 Marks 95 80 88 77.5 89.5 The input can be stored in a file, say, marksdata.txt, and the program can be executed by using ./a.out < marksdata.txt
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