QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 31.8 : (a) Acceptable wavefunction in quantum mechanics in the range of : negative infinity < x < positive infinity, vanishes at least at one boundary. Which of the following is the wavefunction or are the wavefunctions of acceptable theory : P = x, P = | x |, P = sin x, P = exp (-x), P = exp (-| x |)? State the reason. (b) Let linear momentum operator P = -ih d / dz. The wavefunction is S = exp (-ikz) where i x i = -1, k and h are constants. Find the linear momentum of such wavefunction by using the term P x S.

QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 31.9 : When an algebraic product is defined on the space, the Lie bracket is the commutator [x,y] = xy - yx according to Lie algebra in mathematics. If [p,x] f(x) = px f(x) - xp f(x), p = -ih d / dx, find the value of [p,x] in term of i and h.

QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 31.10 : There are 6 spin orbitals in p subshell in a ground state carbon atom. Only 2 electrons fill the p subshell. Number of different ways for n electrons to occupy the k spin orbitals are k! / [ (n!) (k-n)! ]. Find the number of different configurations of electrons to occupy the p subshell in a carbon atom.

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What is difference between chemical Assay and Hplc assay?

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ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.4 : A university is enrolling new students of biochemical engineering degree. A long queue is formed during registration. Let L = rate of newcomers to a queue, m = number of clients served at a certain time, T = time in system. In M / M / 1 queue, let T = time waiting in a queue + service time, L = 2 / second, m = 3 / second. (a) Find the service time, A = 1 / m. (b) Calculate time waiting in a queue, B = A (L / m) / (1 - L / m). (c) What is the value of T?

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.5 : In an American style option for share market, 2 persons - A and B agree to the following : B is required to sell 100 shares of IBMS to A for $85 per share anytime that A wants in the next 8 months. A will pay B $2 per share up front, non-refundable for this option. IBMS involves in petrochemical processing. IBMS stock is currently selling for $80 per share. (a) If A did not buy the share of IBMS from B after 8 months, how much will B earn? (b) If the share of IBMS goes up to $100 / share in 6 months later : (i) how much should A pay B for 100 shares according to their optional agreement? (ii) how much will A earn from 100 shares purchased from B when all the 100 shares are sold to the open market? (iii) how much net profit will A earn for selling 100 shares to the open market?

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.6 : In a random walk, a stochastic process starts off with a score of A. This is a score for a chemical engineering test. At each discrete event, there is probability p chance you will increase your score by B and a (1 - p) chance you will decrease your score by C. The event happens T times. Let D = expected value of score. (a) Form an equation of D as a function of A, B, C, T and p. (b) Find the value of D if A = 60, B = 1, C = -1, T = 50, p = 0.5.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.8 : Cash flow agreement where the sign + or - of the amounts are start negative and at a point switch to positive and stay positive is referred to has an investment. The cash flow could be denoted by the symbol of [a, b, c ...]. Consider the following two cases in a biochemical factory : (a) You pay $1 today. You receive $1.05, one year from now. (b) You pay $3 today. You receive $5, one year from today. You pay $2, two years from today. Determine if cases (a) and (b) are an investment or a business transaction with cash flow symbol. Find the interest rate r in the cash flow in both cases (a) and (b).

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.11 : Let an Accounting Equation to be : Assets = Liabilities + Equity of Owner. In a biochemical engineering organization, its account balance sheet contains the following information : Accounts payable $2200; accounts receivable $1500; line of credit $500; cash $100; long term debt $3800; inventory $1300; investments $800; plant equipment $6800. Find the equity of owner by applying Accounting Equation.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.12 : You, as an engineer, buy a piece of biochemical instrument to start a servicing business. The instrument has a useful life of 3 years, that costs $60k. The instrumental business generates $100k per year. The labor costs $50k per year. The $60k new instrument depreciates in its value evenly up to 3 years, thereafter the old instrument needs to be replaced by another piece of new instrument. (i) In the first year of this engineering business : (a) what is its starting cash? (b) calculate the depreciation value of the instrument. (c) find the operating profit generated. (d) what is the capital expense of the business? (e) calculate the cash from operation. (f) calculate the ending cash. (ii) Based on the income statement of the business in the second year : (a) find the capital expense of the business. (b) what is its starting cash? (c) calculate the depreciation value of the instrument. (d) find the operating profit generated. (e) calculate the cash from operation. (f) calculate the ending cash.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.13 : (i) In the Present Value Multiplication Rule, let PV = present value, Ra = interest rate for first discount, A = duration for first discount; Rc = interest rate for second discount, C = duration for second discount. Let PV = [ 1 / (1 + Ra) ^ A ] [ 1 / (1 + Rc) ^ C ] where ^ is the symbol of power : 3 ^ 2 = 3 x 3, 2 ^ 3 = 2 x 2 x 2. (a) For discounts involving 8 % / year for 3 years and 10 % / year for 9 years, find the value of PV. (b) If Re = interest rate for third discount, E = duration of third discount, form a mathematical equation of PV as a function of A, C, E, Ra, Rc, Re. Note : Discounts are available in the purchase of certain biochemical engineering instruments. (ii) Let R = nominal interest rate related to growth rate of money, r = real interest rate related to growth rate of purchase power. If I = inflation, where the unit of R, r and I is %, find the mathematical relatonship of r as a function of R and I.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.13 (CORRECTION) : (i) In the Present Value Multiplication Rule, let PV = present value, Ra = interest rate for first discount, A = duration for first discount; Rc = interest rate for second discount, C = duration for second discount. Let PV = [ 1 / (1 + Ra) ^ A ] [ 1 / (1 + Rc) ^ C ] where ^ is the symbol of power : 3 ^ 2 = 3 x 3, 2 ^ 3 = 2 x 2 x 2. (a) For discounts involving 8 % / year for 3 years and 10 % / year for 9 years, find the value of PV. (b) If Re = interest rate for third discount, E = duration of third discount, form a mathematical equation of PV as a function of A, C, E, Ra, Rc, Re. Note : Discounts are available in the purchase of certain biochemical engineering instruments. (ii) Let R = nominal interest rate related to growth rate of money, r = real interest rate related to growth rate of purchase power. If I = inflation, where the unit of R, r and I is %, find the mathematical relationship of r as a function of R and I.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.18 : An investor is planning to purchase a small office for biochemical engineering consultancy on loan. In the calculation of the discount of payment in arrears, the following formula is used : y = 1 / (1 + r) ^ 1 + 1 / (1 + r) ^ 2 + 1 / (1 + r) ^ 3 + ... + 1 / (1 + r) ^ n where y = present value, r = interest rate of discount, n = number of payment, ^ = power used in certain computer languages for mathematics. (a) What is the meaning of : arrears? (b) Find a mathematical equation of y (1 + r). (c) Calculate, in less than 3 terms, y as a function of r and n.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.21 : The cost of building a biochemical processing plant is increasing due to inflation. Let I = inflation rate, R = nominal interest rate, r = real interest rate. According to Fisher Equation, (1 + r)(1 + I) = (1 + R). According to General Inflation Equation, R = r + I. (a) By assuming that both r and I are fairly small, prove by mathematical calculations that complicated Fisher Equation could be simplified into the General Inflation Equation. (b) By using 2 first order Taylor expansions in the linear approximation, namely 1 / (1 + x) ≈ (1 - x), (1 + x)(1 + y) ≈ 1 + x + y, show by mathematical calculations that (1 + r) = (1 + R) / (1 + I) could be approximated by r ≈ R - I.