priciple of gc & hplc? (properly describe)
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Derex Labs
The measurement of chemical composition is necessary
throughout commerce, regulatory government, and many fields
of science. Chemical analysis thus takes on many specialized
forms.
To measure the chemical composition, body of procedures and
techniques required to identifying and quantifying the
chemical composition of a sample of a substance. A chemist
executing a qualitative analysis seeks to identify the
substances in the sample. A quantitative analysis is an
attempt to determine the quantity or concentration of a
specific substance in the sample. For example, determining
whether a sample of salt contains the element iodine is a
qualitative analysis; measuring the percentage by weight of
any iodine in the sample is a quantitative analysis.
To separate undesired materials from the desired
constituents requires certain separation methods or
techniques. The appropriate separation method depends on the
nature of the constituent sought and of the overall sample.
Chromatography is the most generally applicable of the
separation methods and has many variants according to the
nature of the column packing and the sample-constituent
interaction.
What is Chromatography?
Chromatography is a non-destructive process for resolving a
multi-component mixture of traces, minor or major
constituents into its individual fractions. Chromatography
may be applied to both quantitative and qualitatively. It is
primarily a separation tool.
Principle Underlying Chromatography
It is based on Partition Coefficient in which a compound
describes the way in which it is distributed itself between
two immiscible phases.
Concentration in Solvent A / Concentration in Solvent B = Kd
Kd --- Partition Coefficient (or) Distribution Coefficient
Different types of chromatographic techniques are available
to analyze the samples, but few of the techniques are
familiar, those are High performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC) and Gas Chromatography (GC). All the chromatographic
techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages. Gel
permeation chromatography, in which large molecules separate
according to their size; and ion exchange chromatography, in
which charged, or ionic, constituents are separated. Gas
chromatography separates the volatile constituents of a
sample, and liquid/liquid chromatography separates small,
neutral molecules in solution.
Why HPLC and GC having high importance compared with other
techniques?
HPLC and GC techniques are not only useful for separation,
but also useful for qualifying (identifying) and quantifying
the small and neutral molecules also. A few microgram of
sample (at the extreme, even less than a nanogram) is enough
to ensure the required accuracy. Secondly, chromatographic
separations are usually relatively fast, Precise, Accurate
and an analysis can be completed in Short Span possibly in a
few seconds. Another advantage of these techniques is
relative simplicity and ease of operation compared with
other instrumental techniques. If the established procedure
is well controlled and the apparatus is maintained under
calibrated condition, good accuracy and precision can be
achieved.
Industries Employing Trained People in HPLC &GC
1) Pharma (Bulk, Formulations)
2) Biotechnology / Biological
3) Phyto Chemical/ Herbal
4) Food / Beverages/Breweries
5) Oil and Gas
6) Chemical/ Petro Chemical
7) Fertilizers/Pesticides
8) Cosmetics /Perfumes
Career Growth
Entry Level ( Salaries are in Rupees and Monthly basis)
Trainee B.Sc/M.Sc/B.Pharm 0-1 Yr 4000-8000
Chemist B.Sc/M.Sc/B.Pharm 1Yr -2 Yrs 5500-10000
Sr.Chemist B.Sc/M.Sc/B.Pharm 2-4 yrs 7000-20000
Officer M.Sc/B.Pharm/M.pharm 2-5 Yrs 15000-35000
Middle Level
Executive/Sr.Executive B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc 4-8 Yrs
30000-50000
Asst/Dy.Manager B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc 5-10 Yrs
40000-65000
Manager B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc 8-12 Yrs 50000-100000
Sr.Manager B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc 10-14 Yrs
60000-125000
Sr.Level
AGM/DGM B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc/Ph.D 14-17 Yrs
100000-200000
G.M B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc/Ph.D 15-22 Yrs
120000-250000
Sr.GM B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc/Ph.D 17-25 Yrs
250000+
Salary variation is based on Company Profile (Small, Medium
and Large) and on Turn over. All the above figures are in
Rupees
K.Gopala Krishna
Managing Director
Derex Labs Pvt.Ltd
101, Second Floor, Ramasethu Nilayam,
Above Moughal Paradise, Beside Bowl O China
Opp: SR Nagar Community Hall
SR Nagar
Hyderabad-500038
Mail:training@derexlabs.com
URL:www.derexlabs.com
Mobile:8008436436,64584890
Linkedin: http://in.linkedin.com/in/gknaidu
Face book: http://facebook.com/gk.naidu
Face book: http://www.facebook.com/derexlabs
Linkedin: http://in.linkedin.com/in/derexlabs
| Is This Answer Correct ? | 6 Yes | 1 No |
Derex Labs
The measurement of chemical composition is necessary
throughout commerce, regulatory government, and many fields
of science. Chemical analysis thus takes on many specialized
forms.
To measure the chemical composition, body of procedures and
techniques required to identifying and quantifying the
chemical composition of a sample of a substance. A chemist
executing a qualitative analysis seeks to identify the
substances in the sample. A quantitative analysis is an
attempt to determine the quantity or concentration of a
specific substance in the sample. For example, determining
whether a sample of salt contains the element iodine is a
qualitative analysis; measuring the percentage by weight of
any iodine in the sample is a quantitative analysis.
To separate undesired materials from the desired
constituents requires certain separation methods or
techniques. The appropriate separation method depends on the
nature of the constituent sought and of the overall sample.
Chromatography is the most generally applicable of the
separation methods and has many variants according to the
nature of the column packing and the sample-constituent
interaction.
What is Chromatography?
Chromatography is a non-destructive process for resolving a
multi-component mixture of traces, minor or major
constituents into its individual fractions. Chromatography
may be applied to both quantitative and qualitatively. It is
primarily a separation tool.
Principle Underlying Chromatography
It is based on Partition Coefficient in which a compound
describes the way in which it is distributed itself between
two immiscible phases.
Concentration in Solvent A / Concentration in Solvent B = Kd
Kd --- Partition Coefficient (or) Distribution Coefficient
Different types of chromatographic techniques are available
to analyze the samples, but few of the techniques are
familiar, those are High performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC) and Gas Chromatography (GC). All the chromatographic
techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages. Gel
permeation chromatography, in which large molecules separate
according to their size; and ion exchange chromatography, in
which charged, or ionic, constituents are separated. Gas
chromatography separates the volatile constituents of a
sample, and liquid/liquid chromatography separates small,
neutral molecules in solution.
Why HPLC and GC having high importance compared with other
techniques?
HPLC and GC techniques are not only useful for separation,
but also useful for qualifying (identifying) and quantifying
the small and neutral molecules also. A few microgram of
sample (at the extreme, even less than a nanogram) is enough
to ensure the required accuracy. Secondly, chromatographic
separations are usually relatively fast, Precise, Accurate
and an analysis can be completed in Short Span possibly in a
few seconds. Another advantage of these techniques is
relative simplicity and ease of operation compared with
other instrumental techniques. If the established procedure
is well controlled and the apparatus is maintained under
calibrated condition, good accuracy and precision can be
achieved.
Industries Employing Trained People in HPLC &GC
1) Pharma (Bulk, Formulations)
2) Biotechnology / Biological
3) Phyto Chemical/ Herbal
4) Food / Beverages/Breweries
5) Oil and Gas
6) Chemical/ Petro Chemical
7) Fertilizers/Pesticides
8) Cosmetics /Perfumes
Career Growth
Entry Level ( Salaries are in Rupees and Monthly basis)
Trainee B.Sc/M.Sc/B.Pharm 0-1 Yr 4000-8000
Chemist B.Sc/M.Sc/B.Pharm 1Yr -2 Yrs 5500-10000
Sr.Chemist B.Sc/M.Sc/B.Pharm 2-4 yrs 7000-20000
Officer M.Sc/B.Pharm/M.pharm 2-5 Yrs 15000-35000
Middle Level
Executive/Sr.Executive B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc 4-8 Yrs
30000-50000
Asst/Dy.Manager B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc 5-10 Yrs
40000-65000
Manager B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc 8-12 Yrs 50000-100000
Sr.Manager B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc 10-14 Yrs
60000-125000
Sr.Level
AGM/DGM B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc/Ph.D 14-17 Yrs
100000-200000
G.M B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc/Ph.D 15-22 Yrs
120000-250000
Sr.GM B.Pharm/M.Pharm/M.Sc/Ph.D 17-25 Yrs
250000+
Salary variation is based on Company Profile (Small, Medium
and Large) and on Turn over. All the above figures are in
Rupees
K.Gopala Krishna
Managing Director
Derex Labs Pvt.Ltd
101, Second Floor, Ramasethu Nilayam,
Above Moughal Paradise, Beside Bowl O China
Opp: SR Nagar Community Hall
SR Nagar
Hyderabad-500038
Mail:training@derexlabs.com
URL:www.derexlabs.com
Mobile:8008436436,64584890
Linkedin: http://in.linkedin.com/in/gknaidu
Face book: http://facebook.com/gk.naidu
Face book: http://www.facebook.com/derexlabs
Linkedin: http://in.linkedin.com/in/derexlabs
| Is This Answer Correct ? | 2 Yes | 1 No |
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