why PH scale range is 14? why it is not less or not greater than 14? solution of HCl or hydrogen containing liquid has a PH. but if the solution is KMnO4 here not hydrogen power does it PH? explain plz....

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ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.2 : (a) In the pricing of a coupon bond, the formula is : P = c / (1 + r) + (c + B) / [ (1 + r) (1 + r) ] for 2 years to maturity, where c = annual coupon payment (in dollars, not a percent), B = par value, P = purchase price. Five years ago someone bought a 20 year coupon bond and would like to get rid of it now : A coupon rate of 7 %, it matures in exactly 2 years, par value is $1000, current interest rate is 5 %. (i) Find the value of c. (ii) Find the value of r or interest rate. (iii) Find the value of P. (iv) Guess the formula for P when the maturity period is 3 years, if such formula for 1 year duration is P = (c + B) / (1 + r). (b) In lemma of Ito on a Forward, recall that a forward contract is priced at : ln F = ln S + rT. Find the value of F in 5 decimal points when S = $100, r = interest rate = 0.05 / year, T = duration = 1 year.

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What are the reasons of removal of particles from effluent gas?

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ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.14 : For a formula of y = [ 1 - 1 / (1 + r) ^ n ] / r, let y = present value, r = interest rate / year, n = number of years to future value of 1 : (a) Find a simple mathematical relationship of y as a function of r when n = 1 million years. (b) What is the present value of $10000, if the annual discount rate is 10 %, forever?

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how does the properties of an element changes by increasing protons and electrons?

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Explain the different ways in which solids can be blended?

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ENGINEERING MECHANIC - EXAMPLE 15.2 : A cantilever beam of length L = 3 m carries a uniformly distributed load (UDL) of W = 20 N / m throughout the length. Calculate the bending moment, BM of the beam near the fixed end. What is the shear force, SF at this point? Let SF = -WL, BM = -LWL/2.

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i am a student of thapar university final year.can anybody please help me with the exam pattern of the companies:engineers india ltd. ; iocl ; UOP, HPCL. If psbl plz send me the previous years questions on this email id k_arora1987@yahoo.com. i d be really greatful

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Any books are availble to read for industrial promotional officers exam.. Syllabus : PAPER-2 : Subject (Diploma Standard) Applied Science, Engineering and Management 1. MATHEMATICS 2. PHYSICS 3. CHEMISTRY 4. INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT 5. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 6. COMPUTER APPLICATIONS & BASICS OF DOS, WINDOWS, UNIX, DB MANAGEMENT, DTP, CONCEPTS OF E-GOVERNANCE INCLUDING E-MAIL, E-COMMERCE, INTERNET, COMPUTER VIRUSES.

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ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.37 : A biochemical engineering professional applies 5-step Du Pont formula in the accounting. Let Net Income = A, Earning Before Tax (EBT) = B, Earning Before Interest, Tax (EBIT) = C, Net Sales = D, Total Assets = E, Shareholders Equity = F. Let Tax Burden = A / B = 0.75, Interest Burden = B / C = 1.05, EBIT Margin = C / D = 0.27, Asset Turnover = D / E = 0.66, Return on Equity = A / F = 0.37. (a) Calculate the value of Leverage = E / F. (b) If AB + BC + CD + DE + EF = $$ 141932, find the values of A, B, C, D, E and F.

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Question 57 – There are 2 simultaneous equations : (A1) x + (B1) y = D1 and (A2) x + (B2) y = D2. (a) By using Excel program, find the values of x and y when A1 = 80, A2 = 150, B1 = 52, B2 = 100, D1 = 3.5 and D2 = 2.3. (b) Write the expression of Excel in the form of =MMULT(MINVERSE(W:X),Y:Z) in order to get the values of x and y. W, X, Y and Z may be A1, A2, B1, B2, D1 and D2.

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Can anybody suggest the Methods/Procedures for estimation of oxygen, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, CO, etc. in binary or complex gas mixtures?

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