UNIT OPERATION - EXAMPLE 9.4 : Acetone and ethanol are separated using a distillation column with a partial condenser and partial reboiler. An equimolar, sub-cooled liquid feed enters at 100 kmol / hr and condenses 1 mole of vapor for every 6 moles of feed. The separation requires a distillate vapor that is 95 mol % acetone and bottoms liquid that is 5 mol % acetone. The reflux is returned from the condenser to the column as a saturated liquid and the operation is run at (L / V) = 1.4 * (L / V) min. Assume constant overflow conditions. (a) Feed operating line is y = [ q / (q - 1) ] x - z / (q - 1) where z = 0.5 for equimolar liquid mixture of 2 components, q = (L'- L) / F where L' = L + F + (F / 6) for condensation of 1 mole of vapor / 6 moles of feed. What is y = f(x)? (b) The rectifying operating line is y = (L / V) x + (D / V) (xd) where (L / V) min goes through the points A (0.95, 0.95) and B (0.53, 0.69), V = L + D. What is y = f(x)? Let xd = 0.95. (L / V) min is the slope of the 2 points A and B.
UNIT OPERATION - ANSWER 9.4 : (a) q = (F + F / 6) / F = 7 / 6, then y = [ (7 / 6) / (1 / 6) ] x - 0.5 / (1 / 6) or y = 7x - 3. (b) (L / V) min as a slope of AB = (0.95 - 0.69) / (0.95 - 0.53) = 0.62. (L / V) = 1.4 * (L / V) min = 1.4 x 0.62 = 0.868. V = L + D, 1 = (L / V) + (D / V) then (D / V) = 1 - (L / V) = 1 - 0.868 = 0.132, y = 0.868 x + (0.132) (0.95) then y = 0.868 x + 0.1254. The answer is given by Kang Chuen Tat; PO Box 6263, Dandenong, Victoria VIC 3175, Australia; SMS +61405421706; chuentat@hotmail.com; http://kangchuentat.wordpress.com.
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ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.21 : The cost of building a biochemical processing plant is increasing due to inflation. Let I = inflation rate, R = nominal interest rate, r = real interest rate. According to Fisher Equation, (1 + r)(1 + I) = (1 + R). According to General Inflation Equation, R = r + I. (a) By assuming that both r and I are fairly small, prove by mathematical calculations that complicated Fisher Equation could be simplified into the General Inflation Equation. (b) By using 2 first order Taylor expansions in the linear approximation, namely 1 / (1 + x) ≈ (1 - x), (1 + x)(1 + y) ≈ 1 + x + y, show by mathematical calculations that (1 + r) = (1 + R) / (1 + I) could be approximated by r ≈ R - I.
ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.17 : In the engineering calculations of interest rate caused by inflation, General Inflation Effect and Fisher Effect may be considered. Let I = inflation rate, R = nominal interest rate, r = real interest rate. According to Fisher Effect, (1 + R) = (1 + r) (1 + I). According to General Inflation Effect, r = R - I. (a) If I = 0.1 for all effects, both the values of R and r in the Fisher Effect are the same as R and r in the General Inflation Effect, find the values of R and r. (b) If R has the same value caused by both General Inflation Effect and Fisher Effect, find the possible values of R, r and I in term of R etc.
Question 80 - Liquid octane has a density of 703 kilograms per cubic metre and molar mass of 114.23 grams per mole. Its specific heat capacity is 255.68 J / (mol K). (a) Find the energy in J needed to increase the temperature of 1 cubic metre of octane for 1 Kelvin. (b) At 20 degree Celsius, the solubility of liquid octane in water is 0.007 mg / L as stated in a handbook. For a mixture of 1 L of liquid octane and 1 L of water, prove by calculations that liquid octane is almost insoluble in water.
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ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.8 : Cash flow agreement where the sign + or - of the amounts are start negative and at a point switch to positive and stay positive is referred to has an investment. The cash flow could be denoted by the symbol of [a, b, c ...]. Consider the following two cases in a biochemical factory : (a) You pay $1 today. You receive $1.05, one year from now. (b) You pay $3 today. You receive $5, one year from today. You pay $2, two years from today. Determine if cases (a) and (b) are an investment or a business transaction with cash flow symbol. Find the interest rate r in the cash flow in both cases (a) and (b).
ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.29 : An engineering company that produces small biochemical tools applies Installment Sales Method in its accounting. Let A = Installment Sales, B = Cost of Installment Sales, C = Gross Profit, D = Gross Profit Ratio. In year 20X8, let A = $400, B = $250, C = $150. In year 20X9, let A = $450, B = $315, C = $135. If the value of D = 37.5 % in year 20X8 : (a) find the value of D for year 20X9; (b) calculate the realized gross profit = ED / 100, for year 20X8 when the cash collected from sales is E = $100.
I will complete chemical engg next yr from a deemed university. Earlier I dropped 2 yrs after std 12th. Then I got 2 yr back while completing engg, due to reasons beyond my control. Will I face any problem while applying for job. More so not many core companies come to our collg for placement. So i want to know which all companies can I apply to get a job?
QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 31.10 : There are 6 spin orbitals in p subshell in a ground state carbon atom. Only 2 electrons fill the p subshell. Number of different ways for n electrons to occupy the k spin orbitals are k! / [ (n!) (k-n)! ]. Find the number of different configurations of electrons to occupy the p subshell in a carbon atom.
Question 56 - The kinetic behavior of an enzyme could be described using Michalis - Menten equation : Vo = Vmax [S] / (Km + [S]). Derive this equation from [ES] = [E]total [S] / (Km + [S]), Vmax = Kcat [E]total, Vo = Kcat [ES].
who is the first atomic scientist in india?
How 'saltation velocity' is used in designing pneumatic conveying systems?
When specifying a cooling tower, should I look up historic wet bulb temperatures for my area or should I take measurements?
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