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What is MSIL, IL, CTS and, CLR
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Answer / kirti
MSIL: (Microsoft intermediate language)
When compiling to managed code, the compiler translates your source code into Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL), which is a CPU-independent set of instructions that can be efficiently converted to native code. MSIL includes instructions for loading, storing, initializing, and calling methods on objects, as well as instructions for arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, direct memory access, exception handling, and other operations. Before code can be executed, MSIL must be converted to CPU-specific code, usually by a just-in-time (JIT) compiler. Because the common language runtime supplies one or more JIT compilers for each computer architecture it supports, the same set of MSIL can be JIT-compiled and executed on any supported architecture.
When a compiler produces MSIL, it also produces metadata. Metadata describes the types in your code, including the definition of
each type, the signatures of each type's members, the members that your code references, and other data that the runtime uses at
execution time. The MSIL and metadata are contained in a portable executable (PE) file that is based on and extends the published
Microsoft PE and Common Object File Format (COFF) used historically for executable content. This file format, which accommodates
MSIL or native code as well as metadata, enables the operating system to recognize common language runtime images. The
presence of metadata in the file along with the MSIL enables your code to describe itself, which means that there is no need for type libraries or Interface Definition Language (IDL). The runtime locates and extracts the metadata from the file as needed during
execution.
IL: (Intermediate Language)
A language used as the output of a number of compilers and as the input to a just-in-time (JIT) compiler. The common language
runtime includes a JIT compiler for converting MSIL to native code.
CTS: (Common Type System)
The specification that determines how the common language runtime defines, uses, and manages types
CLR: (Common Language Runtime)
The engine at the core of managed code execution. The runtime supplies managed code with services such as cross-language
integration, code access security, object lifetime management, and debugging and profiling support.
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