What is the main difference between GSM & CDMA?
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Answer Posted / karthikeyan
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)
GSM is the “branded” term referring to a particular use of
TDMA (Time-Division Multiple Access) technology.
GSM is the dominant technology used around the globe and is
available in more than 100 countries.
It is the standard for communication for most of Asia and
Europe.
GSM operates on four separate frequencies: You’ll find the
900MHz and 1,800MHz bands in Europe and Asia and the 850MHz
and 1,900MHz (sometimes referred to as 1.9GHz) bands in
North America and Latin America.
GSM allows for eight simultaneous calls on the same radio
frequency and uses “narrowband” TDMA, the technology that
enables digital transmissions between a mobile phone and a
base station.
With TDMA the frequency band is divided into multiple
channels which are then stacked together into a single
stream, hence the term narrowband. This technology allows
several callers to share the same channel at the same time.
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
CDMA takes an entirely different approach from GSM/TDMA.
CDMA spreads data out over the channel after the channel is
digitized.
Multiple calls can then be overlaid on top of one another
across the entire channel, with each assigned its
own “sequence code” to keep the signal distinct.
CDMA offers more efficient use of an analog transmission
because it allows greater frequency reuse, as well as
increasing battery life, improving the rate of dropped
calls, and offering far greater security than GSM/TDMA.
For this reason CDMA has strong support from experts who
favor widespread development of CDMA networks across the
globe.
Currently, you will find CDMA mostly in the United States,
Canada, and North and South Korea. (As an interesting
aside, CDMA was actually invented for the military during
World War II for field communications.)
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