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Answer Posted / mudit
With the backing of the Westinghouse Company, Tesla's AC
system became the standard in the United States. Meanwhile,
the German company AEG started generating electricity and
became a virtual monopoly in Europe. They decided to use
50Hz instead of 60Hz to better fit their metric standards,
but they kept the voltage at 110V.
Unfortunately, 50Hz AC has greater losses and is not as
efficient as 60HZ. Due to the slower speed 50Hz electrical
generators are 20% less effective than 60Hz generators.
Electrical transmission at 50Hz is about 10-15% less
efficient. 50Hz transformers require larger windings and
50Hz electric motors are less efficient than those meant to
run at 60Hz. They are more costly to make to handle the
electrical losses and the extra heat generated at the lower
frequency.
Europe goes to 220V
Europe stayed at 110V AC until the 1950s, just after World
War II. They then switched over to 220V for better
efficiency in electrical transmission. Great Britain not
only switched to 220V, but they also changed from 60Hz to
50Hz to follow the European lead. Since many people did not
yet have electrical appliances in Europe after the war, the
change-over was not that expensive for them.
U.S. stays at 110V, 60Hz
The United States also considered converting to 220V for
home use but felt it would be too costly, due to all the
110V electrical appliances people had. A compromise was made
in the U.S. in that 220V would come into the house where it
would be split to 110V to power most appliances. Certain
household appliances such as the electric stove and electric
clothes dryer would be powered at 220V.
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