There is a perfect sphere of diameter 40 cms. resting up
against a perfectly straight wall and a perfectly straight
floor i.e. the wall and the floor make a perfect right angle.
Can a perfect sphere of diameter 7 cms. pass through the
space between the big sphere, the wall and the floor?
Support your answer with valid arguments. Don't submit just
"Yes" or "No".
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For the sake of simplicity, consider two-dimension i.e view
sphere as a two dimensional circle with diameter 40 cms.
From Figure I, (40 cms diameter sphere)
OC2 = OD2 + CD2
OC2 = 202 + 202
OC = 28.28427 cms
Also, X is the closest point to origin O on the sphere.
CX = 20 cms (radius)
OX = OC - CX
OX = 28.28427 - 20
OX = 8.28427 cms
From Figure II, (7 cms diameter sphere)
OP2 = OQ2 + PQ2
OP2 = (3.5)2 + (3.5)2
OP = 4.94974 cms
Also, Y is the farthest point to origin O on the sphere.
PY = 3.5 cms (radius)
OY = OP + PY
OY = 4.94974 + 3.5
OY = 8.44974 cms
Now, as OY > OX i.e. smaller sphere requires more space than
the space available. Hence, smaller sphere of 7 cms diameter
can not pass through the space between the big sphere, the
wall and the floor.
The puzzle can be solved by another method.
Draw a line tangent to the big sphere at the point X such
that X is the closest point to the origin O on sphere. The
tanget will cut X and Y axes at A and B respectively such
that OA=OB. [See Fig III] From above, OX=8.28427 cms.
From the right angle triangle OAB, we can deduct that
OA = OB = 11.71572 cms
AB = 16.56854 cms
Now, the diameter of the inscribed circle of right angle
triangle is given by d = a + b - c where a <= b < c
The maximum possible diameter of the circle which can pass
through the space between the big sphere, the wall and the
floor is
= OA + OB - AB
= 11.71572 + 11.71572 - 16.56854
= 6.86291 cms
Hence, the sphere with 7 cms diameter can not pass through
the space between the big sphere, the wall and the floor.
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