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Answer Posted / aman kumar mishra
These are lighter than air machines. Hydrogen is used for lifting of balloons. Helin beinbg inert gas has replaced hydrogen for lifting of balloons. These are used by meteorologist to find the physical conditions of the higher strate of the atmosphere. It is a huge bag of silk cloth and is fitted with a lighter gas. It is covered with a net to the lower end of which is attached a car. The gas to escape. The car has bags containing sand. It works on Archimedes principle. When a body is placed in any fluid, it experiences an upward thrust which is equal to the air when the force of buoyancy or upward thrust increases the weight of the balloon and its contents
Aeroplane:-It is a heavier than air machine. It consists of following
I. Fluselage:-It is the body of the plane made of some flexible material. The enclosure supplies room of the passengers
II. Wings:-They consist of plates rigidly fixed to the body of the plane and are slightly curved at the top then at the bottom. They provide lifting force for the plane.
III. Propeller or the screw:-It consists of two or more blades and are fixed right in front of the plane. It revolves at high speed and pushes the air backward which in turn pushes the plane forward. It is driven by petrol engine
IV. Fin:-It is a fixed vertical plate arranged at small angle with the central line of fuselage. It helps to keep the plane lying in a straight line in the horizontal plane
V. Ridder:-It is the rear piston of the vertical surface hinged to the front portion and has a lateral movement
VI. Tail plane or stabilizer:-It is the fixed part of the horizontal surface of the tail until and serves to enable the plane to keep in a level flight automatically
VII. Elecater:-It is a movable part of horizontal surface of the tail unit. It controls the vertical motions of the plane
VIII. Ailcrons: These are movable flaps and are hinged to the rear edge of the wings
IX. Chassis or undercarriage:-It consists of two shock proof wheels fitted with rubber types inflated at low pressure. It enable the plane to land take off without shock
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