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Answer Posted / aman kumar mishra
Elasticity:- Elasticity is property by virtue of which a body offers resistance to the external forces tending to change its volume or shape or both. During deformation of a body, It exerts an opposing force which tends to restore to its original conditions
Stress and Strain:-When a force acts on a body so that no motion takes place, particles of it are displaced relative to one another. This deformation resulting in the change of shape or volume is called strain, Due to production of strain in a body, internal forces are ser up in the body tending to bring it back to its original condition. This restoring force is called stress. It is equal to deforming force applied per unit area
Types of Strain and Stress
(1)Longitudinal Strain:-The strain is said to be longitudinal when during application of push or pull the rod becomes longer or shorter. Strain where L is original length and l is change in length
(2)Volume Strain:-When a body is subjected to uniform normal stress there is a change in the volume. Bodies in all the three states may duffer volume strain. It is given By u/v
(3)Shearing Strain:-This strain occurs when a body is subjected to shearing stress. In this type there is a change of shape without change of volume.
Capillarity:-This phenomena of rise fall of a liquid in the capillary tube is called capillarity. It is an effect of surface tension. The liquids which wet the surface of a glass show a rise in the capillary tube and the liquids which do not wet the surface of a glass are depressed below the outside level. This rise or fall of level is due to the difference in cohesion and adhesion
Bernoulle’s theorem:-This theorem states that the total energy if a small amount of an incompressible fluid during motion in a steady flow remains constant. By applying this theorem we get the conclusion that when the velocity of flow in a steam of liquid or gas increases, the pressure decrease. This theorem is used in the principles of filter pump, carburetor, wings of an aeroplane and atomizer or sprayer
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