Answer Posted / broader electrical
Let us consider an example of a transformer or a machine. Both system and body are provided with earth protection. Primary function of the body of any machine is to provide housing and support to internal part. If under any circumstances, live part inside of any machine touches the body, the body becomes live (starts carrying current) as it is made up from metal. Under this situation, it is necessary to provide a low resistance path to current and that is completed if body is earthed. If body of machine is not earthed and any human not wearing adequate insulating gloves/pad/shoes comes in contact with the body of the machine, human body will be a path for the flow of current and consequently, the human will be affected by flowing current through his/her body.
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