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What is the type of principal for CLOSING STOCK. and why we
show closing stock two time that is once in trading account
and another time in assets. if closing stock is Real
account than what about showing in trading account as we
dont show real account type in trading account. thanks
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Answer Posted / praveen gnaneshwar
It is primarily to evaluate the correct profit ONLY from sales, without considering other Administrative or Indirect cost.
Take an Example:
You had an opening balance of stock worth Rs 100. You purchased some more for Rs.50. You sold stock worth 100 for 200 rupees. Thus you made a profit of 100 rupees while you still have stock worth 50 rupees with you.
Debit/Purchases: (Open Bal. 100 + Purchases 50 )- Credit/Sales (Sales 200 + Clsng. Stock 50) = 100 Profit
If you dont take closing stock into account, then your profits would fall to only 50 rupees which is not correct.
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Case Study: Deepak Hand tools Private Limited DHPL is a small sized firm manufacturing hand tools. It manufacturing plan is situated in Haryana. The company’s sales in the year ending on 31st March 2007 were Rs.1000 million (Rs.100 crore) on an asset base of Rs.650 million. The net profit of the company was Rs.76 million. The management of the company wants to improve profitability further. The required rate of return of the company is 14 percent. The company is currently considering an investment proposal. One is to expand its manufacturing capacity. The estimated cost of the new equipment is Rs.250 million. It is expected to have an economic life of 10 years. The accountant forecasts that net cash inflows would be Rs.45 million per annum for the first three years, Rs.68 million per annum from year four to year eight and for the remaining two years Rs.30million per annum. The plant can be sold for Rs.55 million at the end of its economic life. The company would need to raise debt to the extent of Rs.200 million. The company has the following options of borrowing Rs.200 million: a. The company can borrow funds from a nationalized bank at the interest rate of 14 percent for 10 years. It will be required to pay equal annual installment of interest and repayment of principal. b. A financial institution has offered to lend money to DHPL at 13.5 per annum but it needs to pay equated quarterly installment of interest and repayment of principal. Questions: 1. Should the company expand its capacity? Show the computation of NPV 2. What is the annual installment of bank loan? 3. Calculate the quarterly installments of the Financial Institution loan 4. Should the company borrow from the bank or from the financial institution?
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DHPL is a small sized firm manufacturing hand tools. It manufacturing plan is situated in haryana. The company's sales in the year ending on 31st march 2007 were Rs.1000 million(Rs.100 crore) on an asset base of Rs.650 million. The net profit of the company was Rs.76 million. The management of the company wants to improve profitability further. The required rate of the company is 14 percent.The company is currently considering an investment proposal. One is to expand its manufacturing capacity. The estimated cost of the new equipment is Rs.250 million. It is expected to have an economic life of 10 years. The accountant forecasts that net cash inflows would be Rs.45 million per annum for the first three years, Rs.68 million per annum from year four to year eight and for the remaining two years Rs.30 million per annum. The plant can be sold for Rs.200 million: (a) The company can borrow funds from a nationalized bank at the interest rate of 14 percent for 10 years. It will be required to pay equal annum installment of interest and repayment of principal. (b) A financial institution has offered to lend money to DHPL at 13.5 per annum but it needs to pay equated quarterly installment of interest and repayment of principal. Questions: (1) Should the company expand its capacity? show the computation of NPV. (2) What is the annual installment of bank loan? (3) calculate the quarterly installment of the financial institution loan. (4) should the company borrow from the bank of from the financial institution?
