what are elisa tests and pcr tests?

Answer Posted / biomage

Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay Tests work by analysing
the concentration of antibody-antigen complex interaction.
There are many types of ELISAs; not just for HIV, but also
for Hepatitis B surface protein, Measles virus, Chlamydia,
Rheumatoid factor etc. Specific antigens/antibodies coated
in microtitre wells are used, the patient/research sample is
added to the well and reagents, washing and incubation steps
are taken. The final result can be differentiated with a
visual colour change or analysed under a spectrometer.

Polymerase chain reaction tests work by multiplying a
specific segment of amino acid sequence over a certain
amount of time. It uses very specific probes to locate and
multiply these sections, which then undergoing a number of
denaturation, annealing and elongation phases. The amount of
the specific segment is then plotted on a graph, positive
results can be seen on the graph as a S-shaped bell curves.
PCR can be used to look for infectious organisms, forensic
investigation, gene analysis, etc.

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