Answer Posted / ravi

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), is a analytic biochemistry assay that uses one sub-type of heterogeneous, solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the presence of a substance, usually an antigen, in a liquid sample or wet sample.
The ELISA has been used as a diagnostic tool in medicine and plant pathology, as well as a quality-control check in various industries. Attempting to detect (and quantify) the presence of the antigen in the sample proceeds as follows: Antigens from the sample are attached to a surface. Then a further specific antibody is applied over the surface so that it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme, and, in the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. The subsequent reaction produces a detectable signal, most commonly a color change in the substrate.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELISA

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