Answer Posted / bindu

Keyword-driven testing is a Software testing technique that
separates programming work from the actual test steps so
that the test steps can be developed earlier and can often
be maintained with only minor updates, even when the
application or testing needs change significantly.In case of
keyword driven testing, we need to do proper planning and
initial huge effort. Anyway it will give benefit of easy
maintenance and easily adding more test cases/scenarios.

As we see the keyword view in QTP, the keyword driven
testing involves specifying the test steps in below format
Object Action parameter
e.g
Browser(“FireFox”).Page(“QualityPointHome”).webEdit(“username”).Set
“QualityPoint”

Here,

->Browser(“FireFox”).Page(“QualityPointHome”).webEdit(“username”)
is the Object.
->”Set” is the Action.
->”QualityPoint” is the parameter.

Here we can change any of the three things to create test steps.
The Keyword Driven framework consists of the basic
components given below

1. Control File
2. Test Case File
3. Startup Script
4. Driver Script
5. Utility Script

1. Control File

a) Consists details of all the Test scenarios to be automated.
b) User will be able to select a specific scenario to
execute based on
turning on or off a flag in the Control File.
c) Control File is in the form of an excel worksheet and
contains columns
for Scenario ID, Execute (Y/N), Object Repository Path, Test
Case File
Path.

2. Test Case File
a) Contains the detailed steps to be carried out for the
execution of a test
case
b) It is also in the form of an excel sheet and contains
columns for
Keyword, Object Name, Parameter

3. Startup Script
a) The Startup script is utilised for the initialization and
reads the control files.
b) It then calls the driver script to execute all the
scenarios marked for execution in the control file.

4. Driver Script

a) It Reads the Test Case files. Checks the keywords and
calls the appropriate utility script functions based on
specific keyword
b) Error Handling is taken care of in the driver script.

5. Utility Scripts

a) Perform generic tasks that can be used across applications.

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