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Answer Posted / deepak kumar bhatia
OSI 7 Layer Model
Physical Layer
Data-Link Layer
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Application Layer
1: Physical layer
moves bits using voltage, current, light, etc.
2: Data Link layer
bundles bits into frames and maintains information about
how and where the host could be. (MAC address, IP address
etc)
3: Network layer (e.g. IP)
Makes routing decisions
uses destination address and MAC address in packet
Forwards packet hop by hop
Encapsulates network layer packet inside data link layer
frame
Different framing on different underlying network types
Unreliable
Single address space for the entire internetwork
4: Transport layer (e.g. TCP)
End to end transport of datagrams
encapsulates datagrams in network layer packets
adds reliability by detecting and retransmitting lost
packets using three ways handshake
Uses acknowledgements and sequence numbers to keep track
and does windowing (TCP/IP windowing)
5: Session layer
Session layer maintains a session when the dataq is being
communicated
6: Presentation layer
Data is being presented to and read from and application
for the session as per a particular format that the
application can understand, like an image is in JPG or BMP
format, HTML etc.
7: Application layer
Interacts with the user and convert the human from of
information or data to machine form (Binary form).
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