Answer Posted / alf55

In regard to the first question:

The "d" is for "daemon" (from the Greek language meaning
hidden helper providing useful services) not "deamon".
Daemon is pronounced as if were spelled "daymon".

Since on a Unix/Linux system, the jobs provide useful
services and are run in the background and are not started
by a user that logs into the system, they are called daemons.

Way back in the old days of Unix these names were the
"service name" appended with the "d" (such as ftpd, named,
smtpd, popd, etc) and it did not matter which program was
being used to provide that service. So any program used to
provide the "ftp" service was called "ftpd".

In more modern times this has changed by both some distros
and programs. However some still follow the old convention.

Today there are four common conventions in use for the
daemon naming:

"service name" appended with the "d"
"program name" appended with the "d"
"program name" appended with "-daemon"
"program name"

Examples:
of the first would include: named, sshd, ntpd, httpd, dhcpd
of the second would include: cupsd, rsyncd
of the third would include: git-daemon
of the fourth would include: apache, apache2, samba

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