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what is call by value and call by reference ?
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Answer Posted / srinivasa yadav
CALL BY VALUE: THE MEMORY AREA FOR ACTUAL AND FORMAL
PARAMETERS ARE DIFFERENT.
CALL BY REFERENCE: THE MEMORY AREA FOR ACTUAL AND FORMAL
PARAMETERS ARE SAME. SO WHATEVER VALUES HAS CHANGED IN
FORMAL PARAMETERS WILL BE EFFECTED TO ACTUAL PARAMETERS.
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IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. PROGRAM-ID. UPDT. AUTHOR.anbu. DATE-WRITTEN. AUG 13. ENVIRONMENT DIVISION. INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION. FILE-CONTROL. SELECT CMSTR ASSIGN TO CINP1 ORGANIZATION IS INDEXED ACCESS IS SEQUENTIAL RECORD KEY CM2-KEY FILE STATUS IS WS-CMSTR-FST. SELECT CTAB ASSIGN TO CINP2 ORGANIZATION IS ACCESS IS SEQUENTIAL RECORD KEY VSAM-WHSE- KEY FILE STATUS IS WS-CTAB- FST. DATA DIVISION. FILE SECTION. FD CMSTR. COPY RXCYFC20. FD CTAB. COPY AITYWHSE. ************************************************************ ****** *** WORKING STORAGE VARIABLES *** ************************************************************ ****** WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 01 WS- VARIABLES. 05 WS-EB PIC X(02) VALUE ZEROES. 05 WS-DIV PIC 9(03) VALUE ZEROES. 05 WS-CMF-RECS-REWRITTEN PIC 9(01) VALUE ZERO. *** FILE STATUS VARIABLES *** 05 WS- FILESTATUS. 10 WS-CMSTR-FST PIC 9(02) VALUE ZEROES. 10 WS-CTAB-FST PIC 9(02) VALUE ZEROES. *** END OF FILE VARIABLES *** 05 WS-CMSTR-EOF PIC X(01) VALUE 'N'. 88 WS-CMSTR-EOF-YES VALUE 'Y'. 88 WS-CMSTR-EOF-NO VALUE 'N'. 05 WS-CTAB-EOF PIC X(01) VALUE 'N'. 88 WS-CTAB-EOF-YES VALUE 'Y'. 88 WS-CTAB-EOF-NO VALUE 'N'. **** ERROR VARIABLES **** 05 WC-ABEND-900 PIC 9(03) VALUE 900. 05 WE-ERR-CODE PIC 9(02) VALUE ZEROES. 05 WE-ABEND-CODE PIC 9(03) VALUE ZEROES. ************************************************************ **** ********* PROCEDURE DIVISON ********** ************************************************************ **** PROCEDURE DIVISION. 0000- BEGIN. PERFORM 1000-INITIALISE THRU 1000- EXIT. PERFORM 2000-PROCESS THRU 2000- EXIT UNTIL WS-CMSTR-EOF- YES. DISPLAY 'WS-CMF-RECS-REWRITTEN :' WS-CMF-RECS- REWRITTEN. PERFORM 5000-CLOSE THRU 5000- EXIT. GOBACK. 0000- EXIT. EXIT. 1000- INITIALISE. OPEN I-O CMSTR. EVALUATE WS-CMSTR- FST WHEN 00 WHEN 97 CONTINUE WHEN OTHER DISPLAY 'ERROR IN READING INPUT FILE: ' DISPLAY WS-CMSTR-FST MOVE WS-CMSTR-FST TO WE-ERR-CODE PERFORM 9999-ABEND-PARA THRU 9999-EXIT END-EVALUATE. OPEN INPUT CTAB. EVALUATE WS-CTAB-FST WHEN 00 WHEN 97 CONTINUE WHEN OTHER DISPLAY 'ERROR IN READING INPUT FILE: ' DISPLAY WS-CTAB-FST MOVE WS-CTAB-FST TO WE-ERR-CODE PERFORM 9999-ABEND-PARA THRU 9999-EXIT END-EVALUATE. 1000-EXIT. EXIT. 2000-PROCESS. READ CMSTR. EVALUATE WS-CMSTR-FST WHEN 00 CONTINUE WHEN 10 SET WS-CMSTR-EOF-YES TO TRUE GO TO 2000-EXIT WHEN OTHER DISPLAY 'ERROR IN READING INPUT FILE: ' DISPLAY WS-CMSTR-FST MOVE WS-CMSTR-FST TO WE-ERR-CODE PERFORM 9999-ABEND-PARA THRU 9999-EXIT END-EVALUATE IF CM2-RECORD-TYPE-SOLD-TO MOVE CM2-ENTERING-BRANCH TO WS-EB PERFORM 3000-READ THRU 3000-EXIT UNTIL WS-CTAB-EOF-YES END-IF. 2000-EXIT. EXIT. 3000-READ. MOVE WS-EB TO VSAM-WHSE-CD. MOVE 'WHSE' TO VSAM-WHSE-ID. READ CTAB. EVALUATE WS-CTAB-FST WHEN 00 MOVE WHSE-DIV-CODE TO WS-DIV PERFORM 4000-REWRITE-CMF THRU 4000-EXIT WHEN 10 SET WS-CTAB-EOF-YES TO TRUE GO TO 3000-EXIT WHEN OTHER DISPLAY 'ERROR IN READING TABLE FILE: ' DISPLAY WS-CTAB-FST MOVE WS-CTAB-FST TO WE-ERR-CODE PERFORM 9999-ABEND-PARA THRU 9999-EXIT END- EVALUATE. 3000- EXIT. EXIT. 4000-REWRITE- CMF. IF WS-DIV = 250 OR 252 MOVE 'F' TO CM2-FREIGHT- TYPE MOVE 1 TO CM2-FREIGHT-THRESHOLD- AMT ADD +1 TO WS-CMF-RECS- REWRITTEN REWRITE CM2-SOLD-TO- RECORD DISPLAY 'RECORD UPDATED' END- IF. * EVALUATE WS-CMSTR- FST * WHEN 00 * CONTINUE * WHEN OTHER * DISPLAY 'FILE NOT UPDATED' * DISPLAY WS-CMSTR- FST * MOVE WS-CMSTR-FST TO WE-ERR-CODE * PERFORM 9999-ABEND-PARA THRU 9999-EXIT * GO TO 4000-EXIT * END-EVALUATE. 4000-EXIT. EXIT. 5000-CLOSE. CLOSE CMSTR CTAB. 5000-EXIT. EXIT. 9999-ABEND-PARA. COMPUTE WE-ABEND-CODE = WC-ABEND-900 + WE-ERR-CODE CALL 'ILBOABN0' USING WE-ABEND-CODE GO TO 5000-CLOSE. 9999-EXIT. EXIT. 5000-CLOSE. CLOSE CMSTR CTAB. 5000-EXIT. EXIT. 9999-ABEND-PARA. COMPUTE WE-ABEND-CODE = WC-ABEND-900 + WE-ERR-CODE CALL 'ILBOABN0' USING WE-ABEND-CODE GO TO 5000-CLOSE. 9999-EXIT. EXIT. //this program is giving maxcc=0, but not updating..
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