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Answer Posted / aravindan s
A trade union (or labour union) is an organization of
workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in
key areas, such as working conditions. The trade union,
through its leadership, bargains with the employer on
behalf of union members (rank and file members) and
negotiates labor contracts (Collective bargaining) with
employers. This may include the negotiation of wages, work
rules, complaint procedures, rules governing hiring, firing
and promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety and
policies. The agreements negotiated by the union leaders
are binding on the rank and file members and the employer
and in some cases on other non-member workers.
These organizations may comprise individual workers,
professionals, past workers, or the unemployed. The most
common, but by no means only, purpose of these
organizations is "maintaining or improving the conditions
of their employment"
Over the last three hundred years, many trade unions have
developed into a number of forms, influenced by differing
political and economic regimes. The immediate objectives
and activities of trade unions vary, but may include:
* Provision of benefits to members: Early trade unions,
like Friendly Societies, often provided a range of benefits
to insure members against unemployment, ill health, old age
and funeral expenses. In many developed countries, these
functions have been assumed by the state; however, the
provision of professional training, legal advice and
representation for members is still an important benefit of
trade union membership.
* Collective bargaining: Where trade unions are able to
operate openly and are recognized by employers, they may
negotiate with employers over wages and working conditions.
* Industrial action: Trade unions may enforce strikes or
resistance to lockouts in furtherance of particular goals.
* Political activity: Trade unions may promote legislation
favorable to the interests of their members or workers as a
whole. To this end they may pursue campaigns, undertake
lobbying, or financially support individual candidates or
parties (such as the Labour Party in Britain) for public
office.
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