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Explain the Conversion of atmospheric Nitrogen to plant ?
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Food in the soil:-This conversion is brought about by
following ways:
(a)By lightening
(b)By Symbiotic Bacteria
(c)By other methods as manufacture of Nitric Acid by Ostwald
process. Manufacture of NH3 by Haber process. In these
process free N2 of air is used
Conversion of nitrogen compound in soil into plant and
animal proteins:-In the body of plant nitrogenous compounds
are converted into organic compounds known as proteins
These proteins are taken up by animals and digested by
animals, which form amino acids.
Ammonifications:-Excess of nitrogen in the body of animals
is eliminated as urine.
When animals and plants die off, the waste products of death
and decay is converted into ammonia
Nitrification:-Ammonia and ammonium salts are oxidized in
soil to nitrites by nitrosifying bacteria and then to
nitrates by Nitrifying bacteria. Nitrates serve the function
of food for plants. Thus, through ammonification and
nitrification the nitrogen which the plant get form soil is
returned to soil again
Denitrification :-In the soil the nitrogenous compounds
which are present are decomposed by denitrifying bacteria.
With this part of nitrogen is again ser free which escapes
in atmosphere.
In this way a continuous cycle is going on in nature.
Fixation of Nitrogen:-The nitrogen present in the compounds
in known as fixed or combined nitrogen. The conversion of
free nitrogen into nitrogenous compounds is known as
fixation of nitrogen
Passivity:-The inertness exhibited by substances under
conditions in which chemical activity is to be expected is
known as passivity. The cause of this phenomenon is
formation of a thin film of oxide on the surface of metal
and this film of oxide prevents the corrosion of metal. This
property is shown by iron, cobalt, nickel and chromium
Rushing of iron :-Rust is a mixture of ferric hydroxide and
ferric oxide. It is produced by action of water on iron in
presence of dissolved ovygen.
Prevention of Rushing:-
(1)By metallic coatings e.g. of tin , nickel zinc, aluminium
etc.. on metal
(2)Protection by oxide, phosphate or other chemical coatings
(3)Protection by paints and enamels
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