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What meant by lagging and leading? When if they are
occurred what preventive methods should be taken?

Answer Posted / ashish

Lagging means current is lagging with respect to voltage by
some angle and in case of leading current leads voltage by
some angle.
in case of resistive load: current and voltage are in phase
ie angle between current and voltage is zero.
in case of inductive load:- current lag behind with respect
to voltage by some angle.
In case of capacitive load:- current lead voltage by some angle

Only remember CIVIL :- That means in case of capacitor(c)
current(I) leads with respect to voltage. similarly in case
of inductive (L)load we start from right side: current (I)
lag by some angle w.r.t to voltage.

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