What is Spanning Tree Protocol and how it work? I know it
is - STP is Spanning tree Protocol. It Stops the looping in
the network? How STP work? How it stop Looping in network?
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STP is a Protocol used for the loop free environment, when a
network is totally based on a switch....as we know that to
ensure the all time availability of the network we have to
develop redundancy....if the destination is unknown and has
to find out by the switch.... now because of this redundancy
loop occurs..
to solve this problem STP is used..in STP there is a main
head of all switches called ROOT BRIDGE (the Switch having
lowest MAC address or Lowest Priority value - default is 32678).
Main step is to find out all the possible paths to each
destination. After that root bridge uses STA (spanning Tree
algorithm)to find out the best suitable path to the destination.
Other paths to the same destination are set to blocking
mode to avoid the looping....
In this the other non-Root bridge switches continues to
update them selves by receiving the BPDU every 2 secs
generated by the root bridge....
In STP there are five main modes that a switch can have:
1. Blocking :in this case the switch doesn't forwards the
data, but receives BPDUS
2. Listening :in this switch starts checking the updates
3. Learning :in this the switch starts updating itself,
according to the updates
4. Forwarding :switch starts forwarding the main data(here
the network is called as Converged-meand each and every
switch has its cam table equal)
5. Disabled :port is disabled by admin
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