Answer Posted / kapilasdhir
ISO seven layer model
1: Physical layer
moves bits using voltage, current, light, etc.
2: Data Link layer
bundles bits into frames and moves frames between hosts on
the same link
3: Network layer (e.g. IP)
Makes routing decisions
uses destination address in packet
Forwards packet hop by hop
encapsulates network layer packet inside data link layer
frame
different framing on different underlying network types
Unreliable
Single address space for the entire internetwork
4: Transport layer (e.g. TCP)
end to end transport of datagrams
encapsulates datagrams in network layer packets
adds reliability by detecting and retransmitting lost
packets
uses acknowledgements and sequence numbers to keep track
5: Session layer
not used in the TCP/IP network model
6: Presentation layer
not used in the TCP/IP network model
7: Application layer
Uses the underlying layers to carry out work
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