What are infectious diseases ? How are they spread ? Describe some preventive m

What are infectious diseases ? How are they spread ?
Describe some preventive measures

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What are infectious diseases ? How are they spread ? Describe some preventive measures..

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Diseases like tuberculosis, influenza, small-pox, cholera,
typhoid which are caused by the entry if germs into out body
are known as infectious or communicable diseases. The germs
that cause these diseases pass form one man to another in
various ways. People suffering form pneumonia, cold,
influenza in various ways, spit out in to the atmosphere
numerous bacteria of these diseases. Such bacteria may be
inhaled by other persons through the air they breathe in. A
typhoid or cholera patient discharges with his excreta
millions of typhoid or cholera germs. If the clothes of
these patients are wash in tanks, the germs of these
diseases get mixed with water, who would drink this
contaminated water. Files play a very important part in the
spread of diseases. Thus the disease-germs spread through
air, food and water, or by direct contact

Diseases can, thus, be prevented by
destroying these disease carrying germs. Nature has it self
provided with germ-killing agents. They are sunlight and
dry air. Heat is employed to kill germs. The clothes,
bedding etc. of a sick man can be disinfected by boiling
then in water. Cups, spoons and other vessels used by a
sick person can also be made free from germs by heating
these directly or by boiling then in water. The room of the
patient should be washed with any of the popular
disinfectants available in the market. Cholera germs can be
destroyed by potassium permanganate. Files which are
carriers of disease germs should also be destroyed.
Similarly rats which cause plague should be killed, Breeding
places of vaccination should be carried out to prevent
small-pox . These should be used on a mass-scale whenever
there is the danger of an epidemic. These vaccines make the
human body immume for various kinds of diseased.

Local bodies play a very important role
in the prevention of diseased. Even if an individual eats
the right kind of food, breathes pure and fresh air,
observes personal cleanliness and keep his house and
surroundings clean, he may yet fall ill by association with
others in his neighbourhood, who may not be as clean as he
should be. It is the responsibility of the local body to see
that the streets, public parks, schools, public halls and
other places where people congregate are kept clean. Open
drains should be cleaned everyday, wells should be
disinfected, dust-bins are away from residential buildings
municipality should be clean and not contaminated.
Adulterated foodstuffs should not be allowed to be sold and
sweets and cut-fruit should be properly protected againg
flies and other germs-carrying insects