Answer / jitendera

convergence-when ther is nay change in network the
convergence proccess ocuurs.
When a route table or routing database becomes too large
(causing delays in packet processing), Route summarization
and stub areas are options to improve performance. There
are two types of route summarization: inter-areas and
external. ABR [Area Border Routers] summarize stub routes
and ASBR [Autonomous System Boundary Routers] summarize
only external routes.

Let’s see how convergence is reached in a network that
includes stub and totally stub routers.

Another route summarization tool is to create stub areas
and totally stub/stubby Areas. ABRs create sub-networks.
The stub/totally stub areas only communicate to the ABR via
default route 0.0.0.0. This means the stub/totally stub
router does not have a route to the destination; it just
forwards packets to the ABR which will forward the packet
to the destination. However, Stub routers contain all route
tables, whereas a totally stub knows only the routes within
its area

Answer / sonu singh

if any link fail in ospf network , it send link state
advertisement (LSA) packets with a sequence number to there
neighbor ,The neighbor check the failed link sequence
number with the sequence number of his link database, if
the advertised sequence number is high then the neighbor
sequence number , the neighbor update his database,,if low
it send his link related information to advertiser,,if
equal it simply discard the packet.......Through this way
convergence happen in ospf.....

Answer / s.m.feroz ahmed

Hi,

OSPF is a routing protocol and OSPF stands for Open
Shortest Path First.It will open short path to communicate
with another system.

Which of the following are valid Cisco encapsulation type names? A.) arpa = IPX Ethernet B.) novell-ether = IPX Ethernet_802.3 C.) snap = IEEE 802.2 SNAP on Ethernet, FDDI, and Token Ring D.) novell-fddi = IPX Fddi_Raw E.) sap = IEEE 802.2 on Ethernet, FDDI, and Token Ring F.) hdlc = HDLC on serial interfaces

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What is the advantage of vlan?

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Novell IPX network addresses have two conferrable parts. The network administrator specifies the IPX network number. How is the node number determined? A. It is the serial number of the given device B. It is assigned as a lease by Novell DHCP C. It is also set by the network administrator D. It is usually the MAC address of one Interface E. It is downloaded by Netware Core Protocol (NCP)

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Identify the command to display the IP host table? A.) show ip hostnames B.) show ip names C.) show hosts D.) show ip hosts

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When a Distance Vector routing protocol detects that a connected network has gone down, it sends out a special routing update packet, telling all directly connected routers that the distance to the dead network is infinity. This is an example of which routing technology? A.) ICMP. B.) Only Link State routing protocols have this intelligence. C.) Triggered updates. D.) Garrison-4. E.) Split Horizon. F.) Poison Reverse.

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Select the fields for the Cisco HDLC protocol: A. Flag, Address, Control B. Flag, Address, Control, Protocol, LCP (Code, Identifier, Length, Data), FCS, Flag C. Flag, Address, Control, Data, FCS, Flag D. Flag, Address, Control, Proprietary, Data, FCS, Flag

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What is true about Link-State protocols? A.) They maintain a more complex table than distant vector protocols B.) They maintain a less complex table than distant vector protocols C.) They use routing ports D.) The maintain backup copies of the IOS

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What was the key reason the International Organization for Standardization released the OSI model? A. users could access network servers faster B. different vendor networks could work with each other C. the industry could create a standard for how computers work D. network administrators could increase the overall speed of their network

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With distance vector routing protocols, it is never useful to send the same routing update packet back out the same interface that it was learned. This concept is called what? A.) Holddown timers B.) Poison Reverse C.) Count to infinity D.) Split Horizon E.) Link State

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You need to come up with a TCP/IP addressing scheme for your company. Which two factors must you consider when you define the subnet mask for the network? A.) The location of DHCP servers B.) The volume of traffic on each subnet C.) The number of subnets on the network D.) The location of the default gateway E.) The number of host IDs on each subnet

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How many ways to access router?

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What does the following series of commands accomplish? router igrp 71 network 10.0.0.0 router igrp 109 network 172.68.7.0 A. It isolates networks 10.0.0.0 and 172.68.7.0. B. It loads igrp for networks 109 and 71. C. It disables RIP. D. It disables all routing protocols.

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