Answer Posted / bym
The speed of electrons as they travel down a copper wire is
measured in millimeters/sec. This speed changes as the
voltage, amperage, wire material, and wire size change. This
is called the "drift velocity".
However, a signal will travel down a wire at slightly less
than the speed of light: ~2/3 light speed in a coaxial
cable. This is the propagation speed. The exact propagation
speed is different for different wire materials. Shielding
of the wire also changes propagation speed. The speed
further changes depending on heat & pressure, though in
general, we don't experience enough difference to notice.
Think of it as the difference between wind and sound. The
movement of the electrons is analogous to wind, which rarely
goes faster than 40 mph, and depends on pressure differences
(applied voltage). Where as the speed of the signal is
analogous to the speed of sound, which is ~700 mph,
depending on heat and pressure (state of the material).
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